Brick-kiln.



- K015538 11. PATENTED MAY 28. 1901.

B. F. GANAVERA. BRICK KILN.

APPLICATION FILED PEBA, 1007.

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PATENTED MAY 28, 1907.

B. P. (JANA-VERA.

BRICK KILN.

APPLICATION FILED rmm, 1907.

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UNITED STATES PATEN T OFFICE.

BRICK-KILN.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented May 28, 1907.

Application filed February 4, 1907. Serial No- 355,770-

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, BAPTISTE FEDELE CANAVERA, a citizen of the UnitedStates, residing at Coulterville, in the county of Randolph and State ofIllinois, have invented certain new and useful Improvements inBrick-Kilns; and I do declare the following to be a full, clear, andexact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilledin the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

This invention relates to kilns, and more particularly to what are knownas continuous kilns, for burning brick and similar articles; and it hasfor its object to construct such a kiln as will be convenient foroperation, economical in fuel, and very rapid and efficient in its work.

Referring to the accompanying drawings, which illustrate theinvention,Figure 1 is a front elevation of a kiln embodying theinvention; Fig. 2' is an end elevation of the same; Fig. 3 is a top planview of the kiln proper, without the housing; Fig. 4 is a horizontalsectional view of the kiln near the top Fig. 5 is' a central,transverse, vertical sec tional view; Fig. 6 is a similar view takenthrough the openings in the side walls of the kiln.

Referring more particularly to the drawings, 1 indicates the body of thekiln, which may be of any height, size and dimension, but is preferablymade rectangular or oblong in outline and flat on top. The outer wall ofthe kiln is provided with openings 2 which lead into a space 3, and ispreferably made hollow, as shown at 4, which hollow spaces arepreferably filled with a suitable non-conductor of heat, as sand.

An inner wall 5 is arranged centrally of the kiln which forms the space3 into two parallel spaces jointed at their ends, preferably bysemi-circular portions 6. These spaces are formed into chambers by meansof transverse walls 7, preferably in the form of removable shutterswhich may be placed in position as needed, thereby virtually creating aplurality or series of independent kilns in one structure. Each chamberis provided with one of the openings 2, through which it may be filledand emptied, a space being left in the interior for the fire when thechamber is filled.

The top 8 of the kiln is formed continuous and provided with openings 9and 10, the openings 9 being arranged in the portion of the top over thespace 3, which is preferably in the form of an arch, and the openings 10being arranged longitudinally along the cen ter of the kiln andcommunicating with a chamber or passage 11. The passage 11 communicatesat the middle with a downtake or passage 12 which communicates with thechimney 13 by a flue 14.

Where the ends of the space 3 are curved, as in the present instance,the ends of the chamber 11 are preferably enlarged, as shown at 15, anda circular series of openings16 are arranged to communicate therewith,and the perforations 9 that communicate with the end spaces 6 arearranged radially relatively to the curved series of openings 16. Theopenings 9 are preferably arranged in three rows of three openings in arow, each row being in alinement with one of the openings in the chamber11 or the enlargement 15 at its ends.

A movable flue 17 is preferably formed from channel iron or an invertedtrough-like piece of metal with its ends closed, and of a sufficientdistance to extend over one of the rows of openings 9 in each chamber,and one of. the openings in the chamber 11. By enlarging the ends of thechamber 11 and ar ranging the bpenings 16 in the form of a semi-circlethe fines 17 are interchangeable, that is, each flue can be placed overany of the rows of openings without the possibility of a misfit, or ofrequiring a different form of flue, as for instance, one with a hoodor'enlargement upon one end, as would be necessary if the end kilns allcommunicated with a single large opening at each end of the centralchamber.

In using a kiln as above described, a chamber is formed within the space3 by forming partitions therein as by building a temporary wall, butpreferably by means of a peculiar shutter which forms no part of thepresent invention, and therefore is not shown. The chamber is thenfilled through its opening 2, space being left in the interior for thefire. The openings 2 are then wholly or partially closed in the usualmanner, and the openings in the top of the kiln are also closed, exceptall or a portion of the openings communicating with this particularchamber. One of the removable flues is then placed over each set ofopenings-in the top of the filled chamber to connect them with theopenings in the central chamber, and thereby establish communicationbetween said chamber and the chimney. -The fire is then lighted and thearticle in the chamber is burned in the usual manner. After any one ofthe chambers has been thus formed and put into operation, anotherchamber can be formed by building another partition across the space,and it can be filled through its opening, and communication establishedbetween it and the chimney by means of an additional removable conduiton top, the openings in the top of the new chamber having been openedbefore the fire was lighted. Additional chambers can be successivelyformed and put into operation in the same manner until the entire spacearound the central wall can be filled and each of them burning itscontents as thoroughly and successfully as though it were constructed byitself, independently of all of the other chambers. By the time that theentire space has been thus filled, the burning of the first kiln willhave been completed, and the material removed by the time the last onehas been filled, and in this manner the burned kilns or chambers may beemptied and refilled and the operation thus rendered continuous, Whenused in this manner it is evident that the heat from a burning kiln willassist in drying out and preparing the articles in the adjacent kilnwhile said adjacent kiln is being filled ready for burning, therebyutilizing heat from the burning kiln that would be otherwise wasted ifeach kiln were formed separate.

If desired a suitable housing may be formed in the usual manner,comprising posts 18, cross pieces 19, and a roof 20, which extendsentirely over the kiln, and also to a suitable distance upon each sideand the ends to afford protection for'the outer walls of the kiln andthe entrances to the chambers. Part of the posts or uprights restdirectly on the top of the kiln outside of the sand space, and the outerones rest upon suitable foundations 21, preferably formed from concrete.The walls and chimney of the kiln are also preferably supported uponsimilar foundations 22, and 23 respectively and the interior of the wall5 is preferably hollow, and filled with sand or otlirlar suitablematerial similar to the outei wa Such changes in the form andconstruction of the kiln as will come within the scope of the appendedclaims may be made without departing from the spirit of the invention.

Having described my invention, I claim 1. In a continuous kiln, wallsarranged to form a continuous elongated space, the end portions beingsubstantially semi-circular, the outer wall being provided with openingsleading into said space, and the inner wall provided with a chamber incommunication with the chimney of the kiln and having its ends enlarged,means for dividing said space into individual compartments, and meansfor establishing communication between said compartments and saidchamber in the middle wall, the end compartments communicating with theenlarged portions of said chamber.

2. In a continuous kiln, walls arranged to form a continuous elongatedspace, the ends of which are semi-circular, means for dividing saidspace into individual compartments, the outer wall of the kiln beingprovided with openings, one for each compartment, and the central wallbeing provided with a chamber communicating with the chimney of the kilnand having its ends enlarged and semi-circular, the top of the kilnbeing provided with rows of perforations for each compartment and thechamber and its enlargements in the central wall being provided withopenings, one for each of said rows of openings in the compartments, aremovable flue on the top of the kiln for establishing communicationbetween each of said rows of openings in the compartments and thecorresponding opening in the chamber in the middle wall.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand in presence of twosubscribing witnesses.

BAPTISTE FEDELE OANAVERA.

Witnesses PETER ZERBARINI, JAMES LOMBARDO.

